ENT Head & Neck Surgery Center

ENT Head & Neck Surgery Center

Rm 02, 5/F., Kai Seng Commerical Centre,
4-6 Hankow Road, TST Kln, HK
(near Kowloon Hotel)
Tel: (852) 3100 0555
Fax: (852) 3100 0556

Lawrence Chow / ENT Doctor

ENT Services

ENT Head and Neck Surgery Services:

  1. Ear
  2. Nose
  3. Throat
  4. Head and Neck Surgery
  5. Sleep Apnea
  6. Audiology & Speech Therapy
  7. Hearing Aids

認識致命的頸內動脈瘤：它有什麼症狀與治療方案？

Published 2026-01-15 | By editor

 

頸內動脈瘤一旦破裂必引發大出血，或腦組織供血不足等嚴重併發症。上篇文章我們談過頸內動脈假性動脈瘤的病因，今次會談它的症狀，還有如何判斷動脈瘤屬真性或假性動脈瘤，最後會談治療頸內動脈瘤的方法。

 

頸內動脈瘤的症狀有哪些？

頸內動脈瘤的症狀因腫瘤發生的位置而有差異。初期未必有明顯症狀，當動脈瘤腫大，壓迫鄰近組織或造成破裂，才有明顯症狀。症狀包括：

 

  • 頸部症狀：頸部有腫塊，咽旁或咽後隆起。腫塊質軟並有脈搏跳動的感覺，裏面充滿血液。頸、頭或面部疼痛。

 

  • 咽喉症狀：咽喉疼痛、有異物感、吞嚥困難、聲音嘶啞、說話困難、呼吸困難、伸舌歪斜等，這是因為腦神經受壓引起。

 

  • 耳部症狀：腫瘤阻塞鼻咽，鼻塞、耳鳴、聽力下降等症狀相繼出現。如果同時繼發咽旁間隙感染，會引發耳出血。如咽旁部位的腫瘤向上蔓延，會導致面癱。

 

  • 眼部症狀：腫瘤侵犯頸部交感神經時，可出現眼球內陷、眼瞼下垂、瞳孔縮細、上下眼瞼之間形成的裂隙變窄，以及患側面部潮紅等。

 

  • 頭部症狀：持續的偏頭痛。

 

  • 出血症狀：腫瘤破裂可引致大量口鼻出血。出血前會有眼痛或額頭跳痛等預感。動脈瘤一旦破裂出血，會危及生命的。

 

 

頸內動脈瘤如何診斷？

  • 病史及病症：了解病人是否曾發生過頭部、面部或頸部創傷或感染等，另是否有動脈硬化病史，目前是否出現頭痛、頸痛、面痛、耳鳴、頭暈、鼻出血、聲音嘶啞、說話和吞嚥困難等症狀

 

  • 常規檢查：檢查病人頸部或咽壁是否有搏動性腫塊，穿刺抽吸有無血液，有沒有面癱、眼球活動受限或眼肌麻痺等。

 

  • X光、CT掃瞄及超聲波檢查：了解頸部或咽壁的軟組織，還有附近的骨質是否鈣化或受破壞。

 

  • 動脈造影：造影檢查能判斷頸內動脈瘤發生的準確位置、腫瘤的數目和大小，性質及對周邊組織的影響。也可判斷頸內動脈瘤屬於真性動脈瘤或假性動脈瘤。

 

 

動脈瘤的治療方法是什麼？

頸內動脈瘤由於囊內血液完全凝結與纖維化，導致囊腔閉塞，逐漸增大而破裂。動脈瘤一旦破裂必引發大出血，或腦組織供血不足等嚴重併發症，所以必須積極治療。治療方面，有手術切除、動脈結扎、支架植入、血管微彈簧圈栓塞等。

 

  • 手術及動脈結扎，適合治療適合位於淺層動脈的動脈瘤

 

  • 支架置入治療，使用人造支架植入假性動脈瘤的血管，令血流暢通避免再有血液流入假性動脈瘤內。

 

  • 血管內彈簧圈栓塞治療，這是一項微創手術。使用的彈簧圈由一些特殊金屬構造，特別柔軟，適合動脈瘤腔形狀，可吸收血流沖擊。如果動腫瘤位於頸動脈的近端或是在總頸動脈上，當大量的口鼻或頸部出血會危及性命，但直接將血管結紮又有中風的風險，不是所有病人都適用。而彈簧圈栓塞治療就是通過彈簧圈栓塞的方法，把動脈瘤腔直接閉合，令動脈血流不進入動脈瘤。

 

動脈瘤的治療方法不止這些，方法各有長短，但也不是全無併發症。如你有任何耳鼻喉問題，請立即聯絡香港耳鼻喉頭頸外科中心，由我們的耳鼻喉專科醫生為你詳細診治（電話3100 0555）。

 

 

資料來源：

香港耳鼻喉專科

耳鼻喉頭頸外科中心

提供耳鼻喉科服務、頭及頸外科服務

聽力及言語治療、驗配助聽器服務

人工耳蝸植入、睡眠障礙治療

https://www.hkentspecialist.hk

Posted in 頭頸外科 | Tagged , ,

頸內動脈假性動脈瘤：致命腫瘤的成因是什麼？

Published 2026-01-13 | By editor

 

「12歲男孩持續發燒一星期，頸部彊硬，呼吸困難，之前曾有外傷紀錄。男孩左耳下有一雞蛋般大小的腫塊，咽喉偏左明顯腫脹。為腫塊做探查時，突然湧出大量鮮血，結紮頸外動脈也未能止血，即暫時阻斷頸總動脈血流，明確判斷該腫物塊為《頸內動脈假性動脈瘤》。」

 

「一位中年男子得了鼻咽癌，在接受放射治療後半年，突然鼻內後方大量出血。立即為其進行了填塞術及兩側外頸動脈結紮，但都未能止血。動脈血管攝影結果確診為《頸內動脈假性動脈瘤》，經過一番搶救後才保全了生命。」

 

 

頸內動脈假性動脈瘤是什麼？

上述兩位病人都被診斷為《頸內動脈假性動脈瘤》，暫稱叫做它做＂假性動脈瘤＂。人體的動脈是負責運送氧氣及養分給身體各部位的血管，動脈的結構由三層結締組織緊密結合而成。正常的動脈是平滑和極具彈性的，只要動脈任何部位發生不正常腫塊，就是動脈瘤。

 

動脈瘤 (aneurysm)可分兩類，一類是真動脈瘤 (true aneurysm)，動脈瘤壁全層由動脈壁構成；另一類是假性動脈瘤(false aneurysm)，構成動脈瘤壁是一些纖維組織，而不是原有的動脈壁組織。真動脈瘤會撐大血管壁，令血管壁變薄及隆起，此時血管壁沒有破損，仍舊保持完整。至於假性動脈瘤通常是血管壁受損，血液滲漏並在周圍組織堵塞積聚而成。

 

 

頸內動脈瘤的成因是什麼？

導致頸內動脈假性動脈瘤的大部原因是感染、外傷或手術造成血管壁受損。正如上述2位病人，12歲男孩的假性動脈瘤由外傷引起；而中年鼻咽癌男病人則因放射治療後遺症而來。

 

  • 創傷性：外傷包括頸部刺傷或彈傷，咽部異物，頸動脈穿刺造影，頸部過度伸展或旋轉而致頸內動脈損傷等，都可能造成頸動脈破損，由此而形成的動脈瘤多為囊狀假性動脈瘤。當動脈受傷破裂時，因裂口細小而傷道狹窄曲折，血液不能外流而在軟組織內形成局部血腫，血腫慢慢形成纖維組織包囊，包囊內充滿血液。在假性頸動脈瘤病患中，不少病人過往曾有過頸動脈手術，頸部受傷或撞傷等病史。

 

  • 動脈粥樣硬化：動脈粥樣硬化令血管狹窄，在血液不斷沖擊下，動脈壁變薄的部分會逐漸撐大並形成動脈瘤。

 

  • 細菌感染：細菌如結核、傷寒、梅毒等都可引起頸動脈瘤。曾有病人因咽旁膿腫，膿液感染並腐蝕頸動脈壁，令動脈血液外流，再被周圍組織包繞，並形成假性動脈瘤。

 

  • 頭頸部腫瘤放射治療：已知的放射線動脈傷害有兩類：一是動脈狹窄，二是動脈破裂。假性動脈瘤可能繼發於放射治療後的動脈緩慢出血，繼而出現假性頸動脈瘤。

 

任何動脈瘤一旦破裂，都隨時危及生命。留意頸內動脈瘤的症狀，避免嚴重併發症。請留意下篇文章。

 

 

有任何耳鼻喉問題，請立即聯絡香港耳鼻喉頭頸外科中心，由我們的耳鼻喉專科醫生為你詳細診治（電話3100 0555）。

 

 

資料來源：

香港耳鼻喉專科

耳鼻喉頭頸外科中心

提供耳鼻喉科服務、頭及頸外科服務

聽力及言語治療、驗配助聽器服務

人工耳蝸植入、睡眠障礙治療

https://www.hkentspecialist.hk

Posted in 頭頸外科 | Tagged , , ,

顳骨巨細胞瘤：一種罕見且兇險的頭頸部腫瘤！

Published 2026-01-08 | By editor

 

「54歲的容先生，近月來因出現持續頭暈，不時還會嘔吐而求醫。他在醫院做了不同的檢查，但各項指標都正常無異。於是醫生建議他接受常規腦電圖(EEG)檢查，此時發現他的顳部大腦皮質呈現功能低下之情形，所以又進行了腦部MRI核磁共振檢測，結果令人大吃一驚，在容先的左邊顳骨部發現一大個腫瘤。之後經耳後切開作了根除性手切除，手術十分成功，術後並未出現面神經麻痺及聽力下降等情形。手術後的病理化驗報告證實，該腫瘤為罕見的《顳骨巨細胞瘤》。」

 

 

顳骨巨細胞瘤是什麼？

骨巨細胞瘤本是常見的骨腫瘤，它的發病率頗高。由於它具有破骨性，所以又叫破骨細胞瘤。巨細胞瘤多發生在長骨，或面部的頜骨及蝶骨，而出現在顳骨(圍繞耳朵前後的骨)就比較少見。

 

 

顳骨巨細胞瘤的症狀有哪些？

症狀因腫瘤發生的部位和侵及範圍而有所不同，初期可無症狀，隨病情進展，會出現相應症狀。以耳痛最為常見，主要是腫瘤壓迫附件的組織或併發炎症引致。正如容先生的例子，如腫瘤發生於顳骨部位，可引起疼痛，聽力喪失、腫塊、面神經麻痺及眩暈等。如侵犯中耳或內耳就會出現耳鳴、聽力下降、面癱及眩暈等症狀。腫瘤繼續發長，病人耳周會局部隆起變形。當腫瘤侵犯顱腦，可引起顱內症狀，比如癲癇。

 

 

顳骨巨細胞瘤的病因是什麼？

骨巨細胞瘤的病因及發病機制尚未確定。而且由於症狀多樣化，增加了檢測或診斷的不準確性。巨細胞瘤也有高度的局部骨質破壞、復發及遠處轉移等惡性癌腫瘤特徵，為診斷和治療帶來挑戰。

 

 

顳骨巨細胞瘤如何診斷？

CT電腦斷層掃描 MRI磁共振成像，還有純音測聽檢查等都有助於診斷。在顯示骨質破壞方面，CT起大作用。但在顯示腫瘤範圍及其累及軟組織或關節情況方面，MRI更關重要。此外，純音測聽檢查可明確聽力下降性質及程度。手術後的組織病理化驗可準確判斷腫瘤的性質。

 

 

顳骨巨細胞瘤如何治療？

治療以手術為主，而且要徹底清除所有受影響的部位及周圍的軟組織。因為骨巨細胞瘤有惡性腫瘤特性，容易復發，又可遠處轉移。因為治療上會以治療惡性癌腫瘤方法對待。手術後輔加放射治療，但放射治療又有機會誘發腫瘤惡變風險，所以病人必須長期覆診監察。

 

 

有任何耳鼻喉問題，請立即聯絡香港耳鼻喉頭頸外科中心，由我們的耳鼻喉專科醫生為你詳細診治（電話3100 0555）。

 

 

資料來源：

香港耳鼻喉專科

耳鼻喉頭頸外科中心

提供耳鼻喉科服務、頭及頸外科服務

聽力及言語治療、驗配助聽器服務

人工耳蝸植入、睡眠障礙治療

https://www.hkentspecialist.hk

Posted in 耳科, 耳鼻喉癌症系列, 頭頸外科 | Tagged , ,

New Therapies for Oral Cancer: Breakthroughs and Applications of Photodynamic Therapy and Immunotherapy

Published 2026-01-06 | By editor

 

This article focuses on two specialized therapies for oral cancer: Photodynamic Therapy and Immunotherapy.

 

 

What is Photodynamic Therapy?

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) involves using laser light of a specific wavelength combined with a photosensitizing agent to target cancer cells. First, the photosensitizing agent is injected intravenously into the patient. The agent travels through the bloodstream and accumulates in cancer cells. Subsequently, laser light is directed at the photosensitizer-laden cancer cells. The interaction between the photosensitizer, light, and oxygen generates reactive oxygen species that destroy the cancer cells.

 

 

How Does PDT Eliminate Oral Cancer?

Four days after intravenous injection of the photosensitizer, the patient undergoes laser irradiation. The laser light is delivered via a fiber-optic probe precisely targeting the cancer cells. The procedure lasts only a few minutes. For early-stage oral cancer, PDT can achieve a cure. For advanced or metastatic oral cancer, PDT may shrink tumors but is not curative.

 

 

Side Effects of PDT

The photosensitizer causes heightened light sensitivity. During treatment, patients must avoid sunlight, protect their skin and eyes by wearing long sleeves, pants, and sunglasses. Other side effects include pain, bleeding, and difficulty swallowing at the treatment site. Doctors may prescribe medications to alleviate these symptoms.

 

 

What is Immunotherapy?

Immunotherapy (Biologic Therapy or Biotherapy) leverages the body’s natural defenses to combat cancer cells. Two key agents used for oral and throat cancers are:

 

  • Monoclonal Antibodies

Cancer cells produce specific proteins that stimulate their growth and division. Monoclonal antibodies identify and bind to these proteins, blocking their activity and halting cancer progression. These antibodies can also enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, often used in combination with these treatments.

 

  • Cancer Growth Inhibitors

These agents disrupt chemical signaling between cancer cells, inhibiting their growth and division. For example, gefitinib (Iressa 5) is currently used for oral and throat cancers. Patients should consult their oncologists to determine eligibility.

 

 

Our ENT specialists at Hong Kong ENT Head & Neck Surgery Centre have extensive experience in treating ear, nose, throat, and head/neck conditions. For professional assistance in fighting oral cancer, please contact ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre  (Tel: 3100 0555)

 

 

Source:

HK ENT Specialist Ltd.

ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre

For ENT Services, Audiology & Speech Therapy,

Sleep Disordered Breathing Management,

Hearing Aid Prescription & Medical Cosmetic Services

https://www.hkentspecialist.hk

Posted in ENT cancer, Head and Neck Surgery, Laryngology | Tagged , , ,

Post Oral Cancer Surgery: Key Recovery Points and Life Guide

Published 2025-12-30 | By editor

 

What do patients need to know and pay attention to after completing oral cancer surgery?

 

Hospital Observation Post-Surgery

If the patient’s surgery requires skin or tissue transplantation, the patient needs to stay in the hospital for several weeks for observation to ensure there is no rejection or infection.

 

Early Mobilization Post-Surgery

To prevent blood clots, doctors will encourage patients to get out of bed and move as soon as possible after surgery. If unable to get out of bed, patients should try to move their legs as much as possible, which is crucial for recovery. Additionally, to prevent chest infections, patients need to perform deep breathing exercises as taught by the physiotherapist.

 

Dietary Arrangements Post-Surgery

After oral and throat surgery, patients may not be able to eat normally for some time. Before resuming normal eating, patients will receive intravenous injections to supplement body fluids and nutrients. Some patients may need a nasogastric tube to input high-calorie, high-protein liquids to help maintain energy and speed up recovery. For patients with severe conditions, they may need to rely on a gastric tube for feeding in the future, and the amount to be input daily will be discussed with a nutritionist.

 

Temporary Tracheostomy Post-Surgery

Surgery on the mouth and throat can sometimes cause swelling of the tissues around the throat, leading to breathing difficulties. Doctors will create a temporary tracheostomy in the lower front of the neck to assist with breathing. Once the swelling subsides, the tracheostomy can be removed. However, for patients who have had their vocal cords removed due to cancer or have undergone a total laryngectomy, the tracheostomy will be permanent.

 

Temporary Drainage Tubes Post-Surgery

Immediately after the removal of an oral cancer tumor, patients may be unable to get out of bed to use the toilet. Doctors will insert a thin tube into the patient’s bladder to drain urine into a collection bag. Additionally, a thin tube will be connected to the surgical site to drain fluids from the wound to aid in faster healing. These are temporary and can be removed once the wound heals or the patient can get out of bed on their own.

 

Pain Management Post-Surgery

After oral cancer surgery, patients may feel numbness in the mouth and face. Removal of neck lymph nodes can also cause stiffness in the neck and shoulders. It is normal to feel pain or discomfort in the first few days after surgery, and doctors can prescribe painkillers to help manage the pain.

 

Recovery of Speech Functions Post-Surgery

Speech functions involve the coordination of multiple organs (larynx, nose, mouth, tongue, teeth, lips, and soft palate). Once oral cancer is present, regardless of the treatment method used, it will affect the functioning of these related organs, sometimes temporarily and sometimes permanently. If the vocal cords are removed or a total laryngectomy is performed, the patient will no longer be able to speak naturally and will need to undergo speech therapy to learn new methods of vocalization.

For any ear, nose, and throat issues, please contact ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre  (Tel: 3100 0555) for a detailed consultation with our ENT specialists (phone 3100 0555).

 

 

Source:

HK ENT Specialist Ltd.

ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre

For ENT Services, Audiology & Speech Therapy,

Sleep Disordered Breathing Management,

Hearing Aid Prescription & Medical Cosmetic Services

https://www.hkentspecialist.hk

Posted in ENT cancer, Head and Neck Surgery, Laryngology | Tagged

Oral Cancer Surgery Pre- and Post-Operative Guide: Considerations for Appearance Alterations and Transplant Surgery

Published 2025-12-23 | By editor

 

The primary treatments for oral cancer are surgery and radiotherapy, sometimes supplemented with other therapies to reduce the risk of recurrence. However, surgical resection of oral cancer may raise concerns about changes in appearance. What should patients consider before surgery? Will the surgery cause disfigurement? Is transplant surgery necessary?

 

Pre-Surgery Considerations for Oral Cancer Patients:

  1. Dental Check-Up Before Treatment
    During oral cancer treatment, the mouth may become sensitive, painful, and prone to infection. A dentist will assess the patient’s dental health and provide guidance on protecting teeth and gums. Therefore, patients are advised to undergo a comprehensive dental examination to address any dental issues beforehand. The treating dentist should have extensive experience in oral and throat cancers.

 

  1. Immediate Smoking Cessation
    Patients who smoke must quit immediately. Continued smoking increases treatment side effects and the risk of cancer recurrence or metastasis.

 

  1. Why Remove Lymph Nodes If Tests Show No Spread?
    Lymph nodes may contain trace amounts of cancer cells undetectable during initial tests. To ensure complete cancer removal, surgeons may remove lymph nodes on one or both sides of the neck. Before surgery, doctors will explain the procedure, the affected area, the extent of resection, and potential short- or long-term impacts. Patients will also learn about necessary rehabilitation, such as speech therapy.

 

Will Oral Cancer Surgery Cause Disfigurement?
Depending on the tumor’s location and the resection extent, scars on the face or neck may be unavoidable. If disfigurement is significant, doctors may recommend reconstructive surgery. Potential transplant or reconstruction methods include:

  • Skin Grafting:Skin from the patient’s arm or chest may be used to cover excised facial areas.
  • Bone Grafting:If the jawbone is affected and partially removed, bone grafts from the patient’s body may be used.
  • Reconstructive Surgery:Advanced techniques can restore cheekbones post-resection, often with minimal visible changes.
  • Artificial Bone Implants:Synthetic bone substitutes can replace resected facial bones, eliminating the need for grafts. Modern implants are highly customized, functional, and aesthetically natural.

 

Understanding the scope of surgery and its potential consequences is critical before undergoing oral cancer treatment. If you suspect oral cancer or require consultation, please contact ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre  (Tel: 3100 0555). Our ENT specialists have extensive experience in treating oral and throat cancers and will help tailor a suitable treatment plan.

 

 

Source:

HK ENT Specialist Ltd.

ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre

For ENT Services, Audiology & Speech Therapy,

Sleep Disordered Breathing Management,

Hearing Aid Prescription & Medical Cosmetic Services

https://www.hkentspecialist.hk

Posted in ENT cancer, Head and Neck Surgery, Laryngology

Oral Cancer and Throat Cancer: Treatment Options and Key Decision-Making

Published 2025-12-16 | By editor

 

What are the treatment methods for oral and throat cancers?

  • Surgery
  • Radiotherapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)
  • Immunotherapy (Biological Therapies)

The choice of treatment depends on the cancer’s stage. For early-stage cancers, radiotherapy alone may suffice, but combined approaches (e.g., surgery with radiotherapy) are often used to remove cancerous cells and reduce recurrence.

 

How are oral and throat cancers staged?
Staging uses the TNM system (T, N, M) with numerical indicators (1–4):

  • T: Describes tumor size and local spread.
  • N: Indicates spread to nearby lymph nodes.
  • M: Reflects distant metastasis.
  • Stage 1: Small tumor, no spread.
  • Stages 2–3: Spread to adjacent tissues.
  • Stage 4: Metastasis to distant organs.
    Lower numbers indicate less spread; higher numbers signify advanced disease.

 

What does the cancer stage signify?
Staging reflects tumor characteristics (size, microscopic features) and spread patterns, aiding doctors and patients in understanding disease progression and selecting optimal treatments.

 

How is the treatment method determined?
Treatments for oral/throat cancers may impact swallowing, breathing, and speech. Therefore, a multidisciplinary team—including ENT specialists, dentists, oncologists, radiologists, nurses, nutritionists, rehabilitation therapists, and speech therapists—collaborates to tailor a plan based on factors like age, overall health, tumor size, and metastasis.

 

What happens if I decline the recommended treatment?
Doctors respect patient autonomy and will not proceed without consent. Patients are encouraged to openly discuss concerns or reservations with their physician. Doctors will explain potential outcomes of refusing treatment and may suggest alternative options. Seeking a second opinion is advisable if it does not delay care.

 

How do I choose between multiple treatment options?
For example, surgery and radiotherapy may both be effective. Patients should compare the procedures, risks, and side effects of each option before deciding.

 

For questions about treatment, contact ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre . Our ENT specialists have extensive experience in managing oral and throat cancers (Tel: 3100 0555).

 

 

Source:

HK ENT Specialist Ltd.

ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre

For ENT Services, Audiology & Speech Therapy,

Sleep Disordered Breathing Management,

Hearing Aid Prescription & Medical Cosmetic Services

https://www.hkentspecialist.hk

Posted in ENT cancer, Head and Neck Surgery, Laryngology | Tagged , , ,

Oral Cancer Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Guide to Key Examination Methods

Published 2025-12-09 | By editor

 

Facing oral cancer, early diagnosis is the key to overcoming the disease. This article will detail a range of advanced examination methods, including nasal endoscopy, biopsy, fine needle aspiration cytology, microcytoscopy, X-ray, CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bone scan, and ultrasound or positron emission tomography (PET scan). These methods not only help doctors accurately assess the condition but also provide patients with the most suitable treatment plans. We will explain the principles, procedures, and applicable scenarios of these examinations one by one, helping you feel less confused when facing oral cancer.

Common diagnostic methods for oral cancer are briefly described as follows:

 

Nasal Endoscopy

The doctor will use a nasal endoscope to examine the patient’s oral cavity. The endoscope is equipped with a mirror and light, which reflects strong light into the patient’s mouth, allowing the doctor to clearly see any ulcers or masses in the patient’s oral cavity and throat.

 

Biopsy

The doctor will take a small amount of soft tissue from the suspected cancerous area and send it for laboratory testing. By examining these cell slices under a microscope, the presence of cancer cells can be determined.

 

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology

The doctor uses a thin needle and syringe to extract cell samples from the mass in the patient’s oral cavity for testing. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a relatively simple and quick examination method, and the patient can leave immediately after the procedure.

 

Microcytoscopy

If a patient has precancerous cells and frequently undergoes biopsies, the doctor may recommend microcytoscopy as an alternative. The doctor applies a small amount of blue dye to the abnormal cells and then observes them under a microscope. This examination is painless, with only slight discomfort.

 

X-ray

X-rays of the face, neck, oral cavity, jaw, and lungs are taken to determine if the cancer cells have spread.

 

CT Scan and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI or NMR)

CT scans or MRI can reveal details that X-rays or other examinations cannot. Both methods are quick and painless. However, patients with cardiac monitors, pacemakers, or any surgical clips cannot undergo MRI because the strong magnetic field can interfere with these devices.

 

Bone Scan

A bone scan can check if cancer cells have spread to the cheekbones near the oral cavity.

 

Ultrasound or Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scan)

Ultrasound or positron emission tomography (PET scan).

 

Before each examination, the ENT specialist will explain the reasons for the test, the procedure, and any potential risks to the patient. To accurately assess the patient’s condition and determine the appropriate treatment, the patient may need to undergo one or a combination of the above examinations.

 

For any ENT issues, please immediately contact ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre for detailed evaluation by our ENT specialists (Tel: 3100 0555).

 

 

Source:

HK ENT Specialist Ltd.

ENT Head and Neck Surgery Centre

For ENT Services, Audiology & Speech Therapy,

Sleep Disordered Breathing Management,

Hearing Aid Prescription & Medical Cosmetic Services

https://www.hkentspecialist.hk

Posted in ENT cancer, Head and Neck Surgery, Laryngology | Tagged ,
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